If we take Everest from the base of its plateau, the Sierra Nevada is higher. Members of … I don’t really know much about this point. We can distinguish that its walls are different from other houses, because they are made of reed fibers, while the houses are made of “kelp”, a mixture of straw and water earth, in order to better retain heat. He is the key between the celestial powers and men. [7] In turn they contacted the same filmmaker twenty years later to give one final message. Some are related to those found in Central America and the Caribbean coastal areas, and some to species from the Andes. One mother for all humans and therefore for older and younger brothers. The Mamo in place will generally choose the wisest of children, and the most “concentrated”. Quand on se rend compte qu’elles sont vendues 40.000 Peso (13 euros) pour autant de travail cela fait mal au coeur… Chaque ethnie de la Sierra à ses propres motifs et techniques de tissage, et chaque motifs ont leur propres signification. [citation needed] The decision to flee to the mountains proved beneficial and strategic by the time the Spanish entered modern-day Colombia in the 15th century. Like many other indigenous tribes, the Kogi people honor a holy mountain which they call "Gonawindua," otherwise known as Pico Cristóbal Colón. Generally the woman is Kogi and speaks both languages: Kággabba and Damana. The use of mochila is not the same between men and women. Brothers-in-law and brothers are preferred, but it can be with neighbours. Kogis’ feeding is based mainly on subsistence agriculture. The Mamo, in short, is the only one who can decide when the many religious holidays should take place, because he is an accomplished astronomer. In the past they had access to the four thermal floors of the Sierra Nevada but the reduction of their territory by settler farms limited them to one plot per family. There are many Kogi and Wiwa couples. The Kogis are mainly Exogamous, and must find their wives outside the group. Once, when I slept in a native village in the Sierra, I was impressed by the comfort of our hut: there was almost nothing in terms of comfort, except the fire in the center and a few logs of wood to sit on. Their message is clear and that is all they are asking for. However, this technique has serious ecological consequences on the microorganisms and bacteria necessary for the mountain. One of them is used to carry the Poporo, and it also has a smaller mochila inside the first one that will be used to store its coca leaves. Ils se surnomment eux même les « Grands frères » et pensent avoir une connaissance et une perception mystique supérieure aux autres. HRAF MS: 323 p. [original: 319 p.] By line: Author's name as appearing in the actual publication Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff On its 4 thermal floors, there are beaches, rain forests, jungle, fog forest, then Paramos from 4000m. Brought to a high level of consciousness, their role is to maintain the balance of power in the village but also throughout the world, through songs, meditations and ritual offerings. They quickly learn how to do the basic tasks. For example, if an offering is made to the Mother of Maize, the found constitutes as nourishment and an incentive to procreate more maize. The Kogi base their lifestyles on their belief in "Aluna" or "The Great Mother," their creator figure, who they believe is the force behind nature. the Kogis also have other older brothers who live on other slopes of the Sierra Nevada: the Arhuacos, the Wiwas and the Kankuamos. The Taironas were organized in the form of Caciques kingdoms. Verbalization of the offerings as “food for the dead”. According to Reichel-Dolmatoff, following the Spanish conquest, coastal groups were partially acculturated, but others, such as Guanebucán, and Matúna (kurcha-túxe) also fled to the mountains of the Sierra. These groups were located around 3 main cities which were Pocigüeica, Bonda and Taironaka. We do not even realize that capturing water is putting nature at risk, so innocent and natural does this daily act of drinking tap water seem to us. Occupying a vast tract of land on the southern slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, the community’s autonomous territory was granted legal recognition by the Colombian government in 1983. In der Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta kommen einige endemische, das heißt nur dort vorkommende Tierarten vor. The Kogi have many characteristics that define their culture. For the village, he acts as an advisor, teacher, doctor and priest. The Kogi all wear only pure white clothing. Women are often responsible for passing on the tradition to their children. Verbalization of the cemetery as the “village of Death” and as the “ceremonial house of Death”; verbalization of the burial pit as a “house” and as a “uterus”. Kogi clothes are called Yakna, white fabrics that they make themselves. Over time, this withdrawal proved to be life-saving and allowed the Kogis to live cut off from the world until the 1950s. The cosmic egg also represents the uterus of Mother Goddess and the Sierra Nevada. You need special permission to go there, without which it is impossible to get in. Within these four points of reference, the Kogi have associated the orientation of their religious framework into South/East as good/light and North/West as evil/dark. 1951. 12 beautiful photos of Lost City Trek to inspire your next hike, 20 best Pictures of Tayrona Park Colombia (2020), 21 ideas to make pictures of Cartagena (2021). Facing the men in metal armour with their horses and trained dogs, and against the harquebuses that spat fire, the natives could not fight. Kogi - Tairona . This thought was at the origin of all being. The Tairona were an advanced civilization which built many stone structures and pathways in the jungles. Its opposite, lower world represents the dark counterpart, in scale of value up to the lower world. The social organization was already very developed, and each community played a different role in society. I had the chance to attend some ceremonies where it was the women who played the music, and taught it to the children, while the men were gathered in the Nuhue. That’s what protects the Kogis. Shibldulda A foundation recently created and managed by the Kogis themselves. Kogis are also known as Kogis, kouguian, kogi, cogui, cogui, and kággabba. Men make their own clothes. Much larger than the others, it has two opposite entrances. As a result, a Kogi will not plant seeds, cut down a tree, divert a stream of water for irrigation, build a house, harvest fruit, or hunt an animal without consulting the Mamo, who will not only indicate the spirit in which authorization should be sought, but also the precise place in which the payment rite should be made, in order to obtain authorization. The little girls bring their first Mochila to the Mamo that will bless it. It represents the center of the universe, the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. For example, all Kogi men receive a "poporo" when they come of age. The best way to help them would then be to let them live in peace and help them through the foundations. Les femmes portent une tunique blanche avec une épaule dégagée, et portent de jolis colliers de perles multicolores. There are 2 words in Spanish for the word dance: Bailar and Zapatear. According to the Austrian anthropologist Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff, the Kogi burial is still close to the rite practiced by the Taironas. Heart, liver, lung. In a desperate attempt to prevent further ecological catastrophe and destruction, the Kogi Mamos broke their silence and allowed a small BBC film crew into their isolated mountaintop civilization to hear their message and warning to Younger Brother. Here is a very nice video that represents the myth of the origin of the Kogis: Cashinducua and the creation of the Kogis. Under no circumstances is this non-compliance reported to Mamo. Traditionally, men play Gaita, maracas and drums, while women dance with kumuna and kuckui, a kind of rattles attached to the ankles. Most of the pieces were made in the centuries preceding the conquest, and some would date back to the 6th century. The indigenous people of the Sierra believe that Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta is connected to the whole planet through its sacred places. She conceived us as ideas. A return to Mother Earth’s womb. And the world was real. Unfortunately I don’t know him personally. Much of the sugar is turned into "panela," a type of Colombian hardened brown sugar. Les Arhuacos ont une technique totalement différente et utilisent beaucoup la laine. What are your impressions of the Kogi people? Als Baby kommen einige von ihnen – Männer wie Frauen – in eine dunkle Höhle und leben bis zu ihrem 9. bzw. But certain rights, names or associations descend matrilineally.[13]. Other say “Son of the Jaguar”. Their culture has continued since the Pre-Columbian era. Within each pair, one cannot survive without the other. In the process man will be more concerned with preparing the land. In the Kággabba vision, the territory is delimited by the sacred sites that surround the Sierra Nevada and form an invisible “black line” that separates them from the civilian territory. Each man carries a small mochila with coca leaves on him, which he chews to obtain a slightly stimulating effect. He has the authority and supernatural power to affirm it, and the Guás obey him when he speaks because he is a good Mamo, their protector. Each people, with its Mamo and its respective inhabitants, create an autonomous unity. The balance For the Kogis, everything is balance and harmony. It is played with local drums and Maracas, even gaitas (traditional flutes), Your email address will not be published. Rising to 5775m above sea level, it is the snow-covered peaks of the Sierra Nevada that would have attracted Rodrigo de Bastidas’ crew in 1501 to the Caribbean Colombian coast. The sea deposits them at night, and they have to pick them up before it takes them up again in the morning. For them, this precious metal was not a sign of wealth, and could be exchanged for other raw materials such as the salt produced by the Muiscas. The Kággabbas live in small villages called Kuibulos. The central point holds great significance to the Kogi people. The Kogi starred in and help film the 2012 documentary film Aluna, a sequel to the BBC documentary From the Heart of The World: Elder Brother's Warning. In its isolation and distance, the Mamo is feared and respected. Actions for which it is necessary to “give back in the spiritual” what is taken from the mother and the spirits. Although the languages of the Sierra belong to the same linguistic family, the natives have difficulty understanding each other. He must follow a very special diet. Lebensjahr in der Dunkelheit. Discover Colombia out of the beaten Tracks. This would have greatly affected their metabolism. In the most traditional villages, fruit and vegetable harvests are done together with the family or between men. de Santa Marta. In short, we have a long way to go… 2. It was probably the nerve center of the entire Sierra Nevada, and it is estimated that at least 3000 people lived there. The Kogis are one of the peoples who have best preserved their traditions over time. The shape of each popora being entirely unique, it represents in a way the identity card of each man. First settled in the calm waters of Gaira, Rodrigo de Bastidas founded one of the first cities in Latin America 24 years later: Santa Marta. They consider us as children. Before getting married, a man must present his sweetheart to Mamo. [4] They also say that the outside civilization is the "Younger Brothers" who were sent away from The Heart of the World long ago. Then comes the meetings during the night in the Nunkhue. Die Weisheitshüter der Kogi heißen Mamos (bei den Männern) und Sakas (bei den Frauen). Each object a symbol of other possibilities. Their houses are made with only the natural materials that surround them: mainly cob, wood and palma seca (a variety of palm tree). Indeed, on the coast, everything has to be paid for… However, the Kogi Indians know how to skillfully use the differences in altitude to obtain harvests at different times of the year. Only men can enter Nunkhue – it is here that village affairs are discussed and tradition is passed on. In this one would exist 9 worlds, each with its own land and inhabitants. Attitude of “opening” and “closing the home”. Tourism is a great danger and the introduction of money into their society takes them away from collective values for individual values. A few years back, with the help of Alan Ereira who has done a wonderful new film on the Kogi, I lead this wonderful expedition in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia to photograph the Kogi indians.I was accompanied by a local guide who took care of our survival, an anthropologist and a few mules to carry our equipment up the mountains. Children belong to the paternal line and girls to the maternal line. She turned the thread. Official DIAN figures in 2005 showed that only about 9,000 indigenous Kogis still live in the mountains. All consultations are done with Mamos, and many of the decisions are based on their wisdom and knowledge. 50 km von der Küste entfernt. Eating this offering has a close relationship with sexual intercourse. Real warriors ! When the Mamo arrives, everyone gets up and greets him with the word “Haté”. Nach Jahrhunderten der Abgeschiedenheit, wenden sie sich jetzt mit ihrem Wissen an … The two hemispheres are then divided into four segments: North/South/East/West. The earth is like the human body because it is made of the same elements. Social organization is also supported by the family unit, conformed by the husband, wife, unmarried children and girls married with their respective husbands. The burial process usually lasts approximately two hours and is performed without prayers and chants. ", From the Heart of The World: Elder Brother's Warning, Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, "Justin.tv - Link TV - Chat with Alan Ereira, director of 'From the Heart of the World, Kogis Indians of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, "Learning and adaptation as conservation practices in resilient traditional socio-ecological systems: The Elder Brothers of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta", National Geographic article on the Indians of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, TEDtalks, Wade Davis on endangered cultures, http://tairona.myzen.co.uk/index.php/culture/kogi_religion_and_cosmology/, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kogi_people&oldid=1007096425, Short description is different from Wikidata, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. There was only the mother alum, a pure thought without form. Dazu zählen der Santa-Marta-Kapuzineraffe (Cebus malitiosus), die Santa-Marta-Elfe (Chaetocercus astreans), der Santa-Marta-Zaunkönig (Troglodytes monticola) und die Santa-Marta-Kreischeule (Megascops gilesi). At meetings, where oral traditions are the basis of teaching. The fact that they already had a large communication network gave them the title of “Civilization” according to Spanish criteria, in the same way as the Muiscas, Incas and Mayas. From a cosmic point of view the sun separates the universe into 2 hemispheres, there are man and woman, hot and cold, light and darkness, etc… Each group has its opposite pair. This is where the planet’s vital energy flows most forcefully. Rodrigo de Bastidas who, despite what is said, had fallen in love with culture and maintained friendly relations with the local population. There is also the normal parallel descent of personal items, including ritual objects which are male property and descend patrilineally. When the Spaniards arrived, there were almost a million of them. I have heard about him. What did you think of the show? Some colors are for water, coca, etc…, I’m going to weave the canvas of my life I’m going to weave it white like a cloud I’m going to weave something black into it I’m going to weave some dark marks of corn, I’m going to weave corn marks into the white fabric I will obey the divine law Every sound in the mountain is an element of the language of the spirit. He is the one who will authorize or not this union. Men live in a separate hut from the women and children. Do not visit them Each additional exchange with our culture takes them away from theirs. The "poporo" is a small, hollow gourd that is filled with "lima," a type of powder that is made by heating and crushing shells to produce lime. Thus, if someone commits an offence in their territory, they will not be subject to Colombian laws and they can decide to lock him up for several months if they so wish. KOGI, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. contradictory agricultural techniques Although the Kogis live in perfect harmony with nature, they practice a somewhat contradictory method of cultivation: burning. Women are not allowed because the Kogi believe that women are more connected to the Great Mother and have no need of entering the temple. Sometimes they chew for several days without sleeping, it is this state of high concentration that would help them to take a sufficient distance from the world, to know what is really necessary in life forever and what is vital for the planet. Although they consider us different, they do not trap their society away from us because there is only one world and one mother. [1], The Kogi are descendants of the Tairona culture, which flourished before the times of the Spanish conquest. We will therefore have to go through total destruction, so that there is nothing left. They rub their hands on the opening of the empty shell, and this produces a vibration whose sound is close to Tibetan bowls. Specific points exist for each type of event. In the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, there was a culture represented by several apparently exogamous groups or tribes, namely the Kogis, Tayrona (or Tairo) and Matúna. They lived not much differently from modern day Kogi. Generally Kogi Mamo’s don’t have phone number so, it can be a bit tricky . Tradition has it that men enter through one entrance and leave through the other. Bags carried by Mamos contain sacred traditional objects. The deceased is thus returned to the womb of the mother earth in the position of a foetus. The Kogi community is a native people who live in the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta , Colombia. The Sierra Nevada would have surfaced more than 300 million years ago, while the much younger Andes Mountain Range would have been barely 15 million years old. Since the Taironas, Coca is a food, because of its high vitamin and mineral content, but it is also a spiritual food. The funeral takes place in several stages. HRAF MS: 342 p. [original: 319 p.], plates ill., map Each segment of the lineage is linked to a village and a ceremonial house. Their vision of gold was totally different from ours. In the Kággaba health system, it is the Mamu who master the science of plants.
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